Esophageal cancer often causes symptoms and signs that are difficult to detect. The location of the esophageal tumor, which begins in the tube that connects your mouth to your stomach, means that symptoms often appear when eating. According to Dr. Deborah Lee from Doctor Fox online pharmacy, the "first" symptom of esophageal cancer is usually dysphagia. Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing, taking more time and effort to move food or liquids from your mouth to your stomach.
Dr. Lee stated, "Esophageal cancer typically starts at the lower end of the esophagus. The cancer likely develops there because it is a site of acid reflux and grows slowly in this highly acidic environment. As it grows, it blocks the lower part of the esophagus, making swallowing difficult. It feels like food is sticking in the throat, sometimes causing discomfort, feelings of nausea, vomiting, and drooling."
Other food-related symptoms such as nausea and indigestion may also start to appear. Your appetite could be affected, and weight loss may begin as a result.
In addition to these symptoms, other warning signs of esophageal cancer include:
- Heartburn.
- Symptoms of indigestion (such as excessive burping).
- A cough that does not improve.
- A hoarse voice.
- Feeling fatigued or lacking energy.
- Pain in your throat or mid-chest (especially when swallowing).
If you have any symptom of esophageal cancer, you should see your general practitioner without delay. Dr. Lee noted, "If your general practitioner is concerned, they will refer you to the hospital for an endoscopy—a thin tube with a camera is passed through your mouth into the esophagus for a closer look. A biopsy—a small sample of tissue—can be taken from any abnormal areas and sent to the lab for further examination. Further tests such as a CT scan or endoscopic ultrasound may be needed. Treatment for esophageal cancer involves surgery to remove the tumor and may sometimes include inserting a stent to keep the esophagus open and allow food and liquids to pass. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy may also be necessary."
