1904 - Hungarian-born Zionist leader Theodor Herzl died, becoming the first president of the World Zionist Organization in 1897.
1928 - John Logie Baird transmitted the first color television images in the world in London.
1940 - British ships destroyed the French fleet in Oran and Mers El Kebir in Algeria to prevent it from falling into enemy hands, resulting in the death of over 1,000 French sailors.
1962 - French President de Gaulle announced Algeria's independence.
1971 - Lead singer of the American rock band "The Doors," Jim Morrison, died in Paris.
1987 - In France, Klaus Barbie, the Nazi "Butcher of Lyon," was sentenced to life imprisonment for committing war crimes against humanity.
1988 - The U.S. warship "Vincennes" shot down an Iranian Airbus A300 over the Gulf during the final weeks of the Iran-Iraq War, killing all 290 people on board.
1996 - The Stone of Scone was returned to Scotland.
2000 - Mexican opposition candidate Vicente Fox defeated Francisco Labastida of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), ending the PRI's 71-year grip on power in the presidential election.
2004 - The spacecraft "Cassini" penetrated the haze enveloping Titan, Saturn's largest moon, revealing surface details that challenged theories about its composition.
2013 - Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi was overthrown.
