Despite decades since its discovery, scientists have been able to develop very few treatments for dementia, which only help to slow symptoms. Experts say that those suffering from dementia actually experience not one death, but two: "the death of the mind" and "the death of the body." However, many believe that the first death (the death of the mind) is the hardest, as this condition is irreversible, making the patient unable to recognize loved ones and even incapable of performing the simplest daily practices.
While treatment remains elusive, there are certain actions people can take to reduce their risks. In 2019, a study by the University of Bergen investigated whether brushing teeth could delay the onset of the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease. The conclusion stemmed from a discovery of a link between gum disease and Alzheimer's. Since gum disease results from poor oral health, it makes sense that maintaining dental hygiene could reduce the risk of developing it.
Researcher Piotr Miedel remarked, "We discovered DNA evidence that the bacteria causing gum inflammation can migrate from the mouth to the brain." Scientists also found that gum inflammation bacteria produce proteins that destroy nerve cells in the brain. However, Miedel stated that this does not mean that gum bacteria cause Alzheimer's, but rather that their presence increases the risk of developing the condition.
Fortunately, there are two simple measures individuals can take to mitigate these risks: brushing their teeth and flossing. This is particularly essential if there is a family history of gum disease and/or Alzheimer's disease. Miedel added that they "successfully developed a drug that prevents harmful enzymes from the bacteria, delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease."
In the meantime, this is not the only threat to oral health, as recent research indicates that one of the key elements of oral hygiene, mouthwash, may do more harm than good. Dr. Kami Hoss, the dentist who led the research, stated that mouthwash can eliminate microbes responsible for producing nitric oxide, a microbe linked to improved cardiovascular health and reduced blood pressure. Given that cardiovascular fitness is associated with nervous system health, regular mouthwash users may be at risk for a variety of conditions.
Other oral diseases exist, some much more serious than gum disease, with one example being oral cancer. Symptoms of this condition include:
- Painful mouth sores that do not heal within several weeks
- Unexplained and persistent lumps in the mouth or neck that do not go away
- Loosening teeth or unexplained cavities
- Persistent and unexplained numbness or unusual sensations in the lip or tongue
- Occasional white or red patches on the lining of the mouth
- Changes in speech.
If symptoms persist after three weeks, patients are advised to consult a doctor.
