- **1937** - A (Non-Aggression Pact) was signed between Iran, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Turkey.
- **1943** - French resistance hero Jean Moulin, known as "Max," died from his injuries after being captured and tortured by the Gestapo, leading to his immediate death.
- **1967** - British stage and screen actress Vivien Leigh, famous for her role in "Gone with the Wind," passed away.
- **1976** - A New York court removed former US President Richard Nixon from office for obstructing justice during the Watergate scandal.
- **1993** - The first swimming pool in the world was built in the Seine River.
- **2002** - African leaders buried the Organization of African Unity at a two-day summit in Durban, in preparation for launching the more ambitious African Union the following day.
- **2003** - The first giant panda was returned to the wild after being bred by humans.
- **2005** - Leaders of the G8, meeting in Scotland, agreed to double aid to Africa to reach $50 billion.
- **2007** - Former Indian Prime Minister and socialist politician Chandra Shekhar passed away at the age of eighty.
- **2014** - Israel launched an attack on Gaza in "Operation Protective Edge."
